This paper describes a test programme that examines the hygrothermal compliance of five commercial woodlaminating adhesives when bonding commercially viable frp materials to wood. Automotive roof panels composed of cfrp require high strength and bending stiffness to ensure driver safety during rollover. The deflections are lower when bonded externally with frp sheets. Flexural strengthening of rc continuous beams using cfrp. Frp composite laminates, nonlinear continuum damage modelling, failure envelopes, fea. Introduction in the early 20th century friedrich otto hetzer proposed glued laminated glulam timber elements by a strategic application of slender sawn timber pieces.
Pcb laminates considered here consist of one or more plies of resinimpregnated glass. Ppt history frp fiber reinforced materials powerpoint. Fire behavior of reinforced concrete beams flexurally. Retrofitting of rcc beams using frp and ferrocement. It is noted that the behavior of the beams when bonded with frp sheets are better than the control beams. Strengthening using fibre reinforced polymer frp plastic and polymer materials that are reinforced with structural fiber. Wrapping the gfrp sheet or laminate tightly over a concrete cylinder in a two layers and apply the epoxy coat. High strength and stiffness, light weight and good fatigue and durability properties of frp composites together with advantages offered by adhesive bonding have made it a. The connector itself usually presents high shear resistance. Bonding techniques for flexural strengthening of r. Evaluation of thermal properties of eglass epoxy composites. When compared to eglass, laminates made with sglass show improvements in strength, stiffness, impact resistance, toughness, and service temperature. In this paper, mesomechanical analysis is used and a twoparameter model is developed to describe the stiffness reduction.
This paper presents the results of an experimental study to investigate the behaviour of structurally damaged fullscale reinforced concrete beams retrofitted with cfrp laminates in shear or in flexure. Fire behavior of reinforced concrete beams flexurally strengthened with cfrp laminates 2 performance of frpstrengthened concrete beams subjected to fire exposure. Flexural behaviour of rc and pc beams strengthened with. In md frp composite laminates, matrix yieldingcracking and interface delamination are observed as the early damage mechanisms due to. An increase in the postcracking flexural stiffness of 75 to 175% was obtained for the retrofitted beams. Wherever theres a lot of action and high traffic, thats where you need frp wall and ceiling panel systems. Experimental programmes have to be carried out to study the behaviour of flexural and shear rc beams with precast sifcon laminates. Fire behavior of reinforced concrete beams flexurally strengthened with cfrp laminates 2 performance of frp strengthened concrete beams subjected to fire exposure. This is a tremendous advantage that opens the door to many new applications. Idi provides a full range of molded thicknesses, from 2 inch to 1 inch, in 36x72 inch and 48x72 inch sheets. Us3939024a structural reinforced thermoplastic laminates. The cfrp strips are manufactured using a pultrusion process.
Retrofitting of reinforced concrete beams using composite. Repair of bridges using fiber reinforcement polymers frp. The steel fibres used in the study were hooked end fibres having 0. Rehabilitation of steel bridge members with frp composite. Frp application is a very effective way to repair and strengthen structures that have become structurally inefficient over their life span. The pultrusion principle is comparable with a continuous press. Failure criteria for frp laminates in plane stress carlos g. It contains the twophase fiber and matrix loss factors and the interfacial loss factor of the composite materials, in which the twophase loss factors are termed as system loss factor.
Frp fiberglass reinforced plastic panolam surface systems. Normally 24,000 parallel filaments are pulled through the impregnated bath, formed into strips under heat, and hardened. Design of roof panel with required bending stiffness using. The development of these failure modes is shown schematically in figure 1 reifsnider 1983. Frp will not rot, stain or corrode, dent or splinter and will not support mold or mildew. Pdf strengthening schemes for flexure and torsion using. School of mechanical and building sciences, vit university, vellore, tamil nadu, india email. This paper presents test results at failure of 16 reinforced concrete rc continuous beams with different arrangements of internal steel bars and external carbon fibre reinforced polymer cfrp laminates. Frp laminates frp plate is a high strength, pre 11 3. Using bonded frp laminates in this project provided an opportunity for nysdot to demonstrate their use and investigate their feasibility as a costeffective bridge rehabilitation technique. Cfrp laminates in order to double their load carrying capacity. Rc beams as a structural member contain a variety of nonuniform loads. Idi fabrication frp sheet laminates are available in grades gpo1, gpo2, and gpo3, and select grades can also be used in aieeclass b through h electrical applications. Numerical analysis of reinforced concrete beam strengthened.
The concrete mixes for rc beams have to be designed to obtain a concrete grade of m20. Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using. Apr 16, 2016 carbonfiberreinforced plastic cfrp, which is strong and lightweight, is used in fabricating composites for a number of applications such as aircraft, transportation, and machinery. Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using cfrp laminates. Failure modes in filled hole gfrp laminates for connections. Aramid fiber reinforcement materials market analysis and industry forecast, 20142022 aramid fibers are synthetic fibers with exceptional heatresistance and strength. Generally, the mechanical properties of cfrp products depend on the layup.
Concrete was modelled using a plastic damage model. Retrofitting using frp laminates make a mixture of epoxy resin and hardener in the ratio of 100. A new method has been developed at chalmers university of technology where the prestressing force is applied in segments. Sarathkumar3 1,2,3student 1,2,3department of structural engineering 1,2,3paavai engineering college namakkal637018 india abstractnow a days natural and manmade disaster like earthquake, cyclone etc. Camanho abstract a new set of six failure criteria for fiber reinforced polymer laminates is described. The use of frp sheet had effect in delaying the growth of crack formation. Pcb material selection for rf, microwave and millimeter. Bond quality at the frpwood interface using woodlaminating. Retrofitting of rcc beams using frp and ferrocement laminates. Delamination in frp composite laminates 209 using ansys ver 5. Retrofitting using frp laminates linkedin slideshare.
Sglass is used for highperformance surf and sailboards. Comprised of an impactresistant material commonly used in the aerospace, automotive, marine, and construction industries, our frp. This study clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed technique in retrofitting reinforced concrete buildings in egypt. Using bonded fiber reinforced polymer frp laminates for strengthening and repair of structural members has been proven to be an effective and economic method. Now apply the epoxy mixture on concrete cylinder with the help of brush to paste the glass fiber reinforced polymer gfrp. Bondlaminates gmbh am patbergschen dorn 11 d59929 brilon germany phone. The behaviour of reinforced concrete beam strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer cfrp and glass fiber reinforced polymer gfrp laminates was investigated using finite element models and the results are presented in this paper. Concrete beams reinforced with cfrp laminates upcommons.
When it comes to walls and ceilings, frp means business. Frp can be fabricatedapplied with adhesives that have low or 0 voc content and are compliant with the rule. These modes are matrix cracking, fibermatrix debonding, fiber breaking, and delamination. Structural reinforced thermoplastic laminates capable of supporting loads in at least two directions and containing by volume about 45% to 65% fiber reinforcement. A twoparameter model of frp laminates stiffness reduction. In recent years, carbon and glass frp sheets have been applied using the retrofitting. This paper compares the values of the thermal and fire resistance properties of composites made using the hand layup technique.
Failure modes in filled hole gfrp laminates for connections between frp and concrete r. Nanni, bond of frp laminates to concrete, aci materials journal, vol. Our fiberglass reinforced plastic frp is a strong composite material that repels dirt and stains making it an ideal surface for highuse commercial settings and service areas that depend on sanitary conditions. Retrofitting of reinforced concrete beams using composite laminates article pdf available in construction and building materials 252. Though the research and application of retrofittingstrengthening of concrete structures using externally bonded frp composites has started. The main variables considered were the internal reinforcement ratio, position of retrofitting and the length of cfrp. Retrofitting using frp laminates 20142018 a dissertation submitted to. Frp super laminates present unparalleled solutions to old. Pdf retrofitting of reinforced concrete beams using.
Cuclad laminates are woven fiberglassptfe composite materials for use as printed circuit board substrates. Retrofitting of rcc beams using frp and ferrocement laminates awadhesh 2kumar1, nitin modi associate professor1, pg 2student department of civil engineering, delhi technological university, delhi, india abstract. Abstract this paper presents an experimental study of an alternative method of attaching frp laminates to reinforced concrete beams by the way of fasting steel rivets through the frp laminate and concrete substrate. Pdf strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using. There are numerous studies available, that suggests different strengthening schemes using frp laminates. Matrix crack and fibre breakage are the main damage models of the fibre reinforced polymer frp laminates under cyclic loading. Derived from dvoraks fracture mechanics analyses of cracked plies and from pucks action plane concept, the physicallybased criteria. Application of frp laminates for strengthening of a. Presently most of structural components are unable torender their services for full service life, which is due deterioration. First, by using unidirectional or biaxial fabrics, the laminate may provide strength in both longitudinal and transverse directions. Pdf bond of frp laminates to concrete researchgate. Eglass fiber reinforced epoxy composites was fabricated by filling varying concentration of aluminum oxide al 2 o 3, magnesium hydroxidemgoh 2, silicon carbide sic, and hematite powder. The effect of matrix cracking on the residual stiffness of various laminates is determined both experimentally and using finite element simulation.
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer cfrp laminates for. Pcb material selection for rf, microwave and millimeter wave. Steel bars were modelled as an elastic perfect ly plastic materia l, with perfect bond between concrete and steel. Using precision control of the fiberglassptfe ratio, cuclad laminates offer a range of choi ces from the lowest dielectric constant and loss tangent to a more highly reinforced laminate with better dimensional stability. The ratio of modes in different angle ply laminates and the associated criteria for matrix crack initiation are explored.
Generally, the mechanical properties of cfrp products depend on the layup method. Flexural strengthening of concrete structures with prestressed frp. Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using externally bonded frp laminates prestressed with a new method. Three dimensional, 8 noded, layered elements solid46 embodied in ansys have been used to model the laminate ply by ply and orthotropic properties have been input for each ply. Ptfewoven fiberglass laminates microwave printed circuit. The laminates can be used with or without metal cladding.
This paper presents a new method and a device for applying prestressed carbon fiber reinforced. Frp materials are supplied as bars for reinforced and prestressing applications and in flat sheets or laminates for use as repair materials for concrete structures. Flexural strengthening of rc continuous beams using cfrp laminates. Frp is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. Composite laminates there are four primary failure modes in frp fiber reinforced f. Earlier research has demonstrated that the addition of carbon fibre reinforced polymer cfrp laminate to reinforced concrete beams can increase stiffness and maximum load of the beams. Although the fibres and resins used in simon systems are relatively expensive compared to steel and concrete, the labor and equipment cost to install retrofitting of rc beam using simcon laminate v. Sep 22, 2009 super laminates figure 1 offer three major advantages over conventional laminates. Externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer frp laminates emerged in the late 80s presenting some remarkable qualities that can solve the deficiencies of. Bond of the frp reinforcement to the concrete substrate is of. Fiber reinforced polymer frp laminates are being successfully used for strengthe ning of existing reinforced concrete structures. Fibre reinforced polymer frpstrengthened glulam would be a more economically viable product if a single adhesive type could be utilised at all the bonded interfaces. Super laminates figure 1 offer three major advantages over conventional laminates. Carbonfiberreinforced plastic cfrp, which is strong and lightweight, is used in fabricating composites for a number of applications such as aircraft, transportation, and machinery.
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